Название: The Psychology of Artificial Superintelligence Автор: Joachim Diederich Издательство: Springer Год: 2021 Страниц: 147 Язык: английский Формат: pdf (true), epub Размер: 10.1 MB
This book explores the psychological impact of advanced forms of artificial intelligence. How will it be to live with a superior intelligence? How will the exposure to highly developed Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems change human well-being? With a review of recent advancements in brain–computer interfaces, military AI, Explainable AI (XAI) and digital clones as a foundation, the experience of living with a hyperintelligence is discussed from the viewpoint of a clinical psychologist. The theory of universal solicitation is introduced, i.e. the demand character of a technology that wants to be used in all aspects of life.
With a focus on human experience, and to a lesser extent on technology, the book is written for a general readership with an interest in psychology, technology and the future of our human condition. With its unique focus on psychological topics, the book offers contributions to a discussion on the future of human life beyond purely technological considerations.
A swarm of flying or swimming drones with lethal weapons and autonomous decision making is clearly within the reach of current technology. In principle, such a swarm could include thousands of robots and the technology represents a cheap solution to problems of warfare. Since no human combatants are involved, some may argue that it represents a safe option in military conflicts. However, there can be little doubt that weaponised AI has a psychological impact, with emotions such as fear, anxiety and guilt as consequences. The Chapter 6 introduces new forms of human control and discusses the modification of the current laws of armed conflict including the option to reduce any form of artificial superintelligence to human cognitive abilities. The concept of intrusion is introduced to discuss new forms of human-in-the-loop as a means to control AI systems.
1. Universal Solicitation 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Artificial Superintelligence 2 1.2.1 The Singularity 3 1.3 Regulating Societies by Use of Artificial Intelligence 5 1.4 Robotics and AI 7 1.5 Speed of Communication: Human vs AI 8 1.6 Should We Have This Discussion Now? 9 1.7 Will a Future AI Superintelligenc e Be Hostile? 9 1.8 Can an Advanced AI Be Beneficial? 10 2. Digital Clones 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Design Principles 16 2.3 Psychotherapy as Heuristic Search 19 2.3. 1 Introduction to Heuristic Search 20 2.3. 2 Motivation for the Use of Heuristic Search 21 2.4 Live Training of Digital Clones 22 2.5 Digital Clone Trees 23 2.6 Computers Are Social Actors 24 2.7 Adjusting Language in Psychotherapy 25 2.8 The Solicitation of AI Therapy 26 3. Explanation 3.1 Introduction 33 3.2 The Logic of Explanation 34 3.3 Explanation and Cognition 35 3.4 Explanation and Learning 36 3. 5 Types of Explanation 39 3.6 Explanation and Black Box Machine Learning 42 4. Transhumanism 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 Cognitive and Perceptual Enhancement 58 4.3 The Convergence of Abilities 60 4.5 Brain-Machine Interfaces 66 4.6 Human Motivation 69 4.7 The Extension of Life 70 5. Neo-Luddism 5.1 Introduction 73 5.2 Neo-Luddites 75 5.3 “Only a God Can Save Us”: Heidegger’s Spiegel Interview in 1966 77 5.3.1 Artificial Intelligence Is Not (Just) a Tool 81 5.4 A Thought Experiment 82 5.5 Resistance to Artificial Intelligence 85 5.5.1 Lethal Autonomous Weapons 85 5.5.2 Monitoring Online Conversations 87 5.5.3 AI and Privacy 88 6. Safety and Military Artificial Intelligence 6.1 Introduction 95 6.2 Attitudes Towards Military AI in the USA 96 6.3 Are Machines Responsible Agents? 98 6.3.1 Are Intelligent Killing Machines Responsible Agents? 99 6.3.2 Who Contributes to Killing Humans by Use of AI? 100 6.4 Emotion and Military AI 102 6.5 Explanation and Military AI 103 6.6 The Rules of Armed Conflict 106 6.7 Human Control of Advanced AI 109 6.8 Artificial General Intelligence and Military AI 112 7. Risks to Artificial Intelligence 7.1 Introduction 115 7.2 The Uncanny Valley of Humans and Machines 118 7.2.1 Challenging the Uncanny Valley Concept 118 7.4 Abuse of Chatbots 122 References 125 Appendices 127
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Название: The Psychology of Artificial Superintelligence