Название: An Introduction to Robotics Автор: Good Library
Издательство: Good Library
Год: 2020
Язык: английский
Формат: epub, mobi
Размер: 13.4 MB
Robotics is the intersection of science, engineering and technology that produces machines, called robots, that substitute for (or replicate) human actions. Pop culture has always been fascinated with robots.
Traditionally, robots are applied anywhere one of the 3Ds exist: in any job which is too Dirty, Dangerous, and/or Dull for a human to perform. Industrial robots are used in manufacturing: pick & place, assembly, welding, spray painting, deburring, machining, etc. Remote applications for robotics include undersea, nuclear environment, bomb disposal, law enforcement, and outer space. Service robots have been implemented as hospital helpmates, handicapped assistance, retail, household servants, vacuum cleaners, and lawnmowers.
Most of the robots discussed so far are serial robot arms, where joints and links are constructed in a serial fashion from the base, with one path leading out to the end-effector. In contrast, parallel robots have many arms with active and passive joints and links, supporting the load in parallel. Parallel robots can handle higher loads with greater accuracy, higher speeds, and lighter robot weight; however, a major drawback is that the workspace of parallel robots is severely restricted compared to equivalent serial robots. Parallel robots are used in expensive flight simulators, as machining tools, and can be used for high-accuracy, high-repeatability, high-precision robotic surgery.
Robots under computer control interact with a variety of sensors, which are small electronic or electro-mechanical components that allow the robot to react to its environment. Some common sensors are described below:
- Vision
- Voice
- Tactile
- Force/Pressure
- Proximity
- Limit Switches
- Other Sensors (encoder measures angle, potentiometer measures angle, LVDT measures length, ultrasonic sensor, infrared sensor...)
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